Google Search: A $1 Trillion Exaptation

Diagram of the same web of links drawn twice. Left, navigation: a reader clicks from page A to B to C (CERN, 1989). Right, search: the same links counted like citations, pages sized by PageRank (Stanford, 1996). Timeline 1989–2004; about $1.27 trillion in Google Search & other revenue, 2017–2025.

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